Mycoplasma felis
Mycoplasma felis is an important pathogenic and commensal organism. Although it can be isolated from the upper respiratory tract and conjunctivae of normal cats, it can also be associated with disease in these areas in cats with respiratory signs and conjunctivitis. The presence of M.felis in the lower respiratory tract is always regarded as abnormal and has been associated with feline bronchial disease. Additionally, M.felis has been described as causing joint disease (arthritis), and meningoencephalitis in a recent case report. Thus, M.felis infection should be considered as a differential diagnosis in cats presenting with respiratory signs, conjunctivitis, arthritis and maybe neurological disease. Interpretation of results of M.felis testing should be done in light of the clinical signs being shown and the detection of any other potential pathogenic agents.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of M.felis infection has traditionally been by bacterial culture, but it can be difficult to grow. The Molecular Diagnostic Unit has recently developed a sensitive quantitative (Q)PCR assay to detect M.felis in cats. The assay includes an internal amplification control to ensure that a valid diagnostic result is produced for every submitted sample.
Treatment
M. felis usually responds well to systemic doxycycline treatment (10mg/kg once daily for three weeks, ensuring tablets are completely swallowed by following with water or food to avoid possible oesophageal inflammation due to incomplete swallowing; a longer course may be required for lower respiratory cases); clinical response and follow up QPCR analysis can help monitor effective treatment.
Sample submission
The M.felis QPCR can be performed on the following:
- Transtracheal wash
- Bronchoalveolar lavage
- Ocular swab
- Throat swab
A submission form can be downloaded here